keep

[keep] /kip/
verb (used with object), kept, keeping.
1.
to hold or retain in one's possession; hold as one's own:
If you like it, keep it. Keep the change.
2.
to hold or have the use of for a period of time:
You can keep it for the summer.
3.
to hold in a given place; store:
You can keep your things in here.
4.
to maintain (some action), especially in accordance with specific requirements, a promise, etc.:
to keep watch; to keep step.
5.
to cause to continue in a given position, state, course, or action:
to keep a light burning; to keep a child happy.
6.
to maintain in condition or order, as by care and labor:
He keeps his car in good condition.
7.
to maintain in usable or edible condition; preserve:
If you want to keep meat for a long time, freeze it.
8.
to hold in custody or under guard, as a prisoner:
They kept him in jail.
9.
to cause to stay in a particular place; prevent or restrain from departure:
The work kept her at the office.
10.
to have regularly in stock and for sale:
to keep a large supply of machine parts.
11.
to maintain in one's service or for one's use or enjoyment:
to keep a car and chauffeur.
12.
to associate with:
She keeps bad company.
13.
to have the care, charge, or custody of:
She keeps my dog when I travel.
14.
to refrain from disclosing; withhold from the knowledge of others:
to keep a secret.
15.
to withhold from use; reserve; save:
I'll keep this toy until you learn to behave. Keep the good wine for company.
16.
to hold back or restrain:
They kept the child from talking. Nothing can keep him from doing it.
17.
to maintain control of; regulate:
to keep the peace; to keep your temper.
18.
to maintain by writing:
to keep a diary.
19.
to record (business transactions, daily occurrences, etc.) regularly:
to keep records; to keep a list of visitors.
20.
to observe; pay obedient regard to (a law, rule, promise, etc.).
21.
to conform to; follow; fulfill:
to keep one's word.
22.
to observe (a season, festival, etc.) with formalities or rites:
to keep Christmas.
23.
to maintain or carry on, as an establishment, business, etc.; manage.
24.
to guard; protect:
He kept her from harm.
25.
to maintain or support:
It costs more each year to keep a house.
26.
to support or contribute to the support of in return for sexual or other favors.
27.
to take care of; tend:
to keep a vegetable garden.
28.
to raise (livestock):
These farmers keep goats and cattle.
29.
to remain in (a place, spot, etc.):
Please keep your seats.
30.
to maintain one's position in or on:
He kept the job.
31.
to continue to follow (a path, track, course, etc.).
32.
to maintain in active existence, as an assembly, court, or fair.
verb (used without object), kept, keeping.
33.
to continue in an action, course, position, state, etc.:
to keep in sight; to keep going.
34.
to remain, or continue to be, as specified:
to keep cool.
35.
to remain or stay in a particular place:
to keep indoors.
36.
to continue unimpaired or without spoiling:
The food will keep on ice.
37.
to admit of being reserved for a future occasion:
I have more to tell you, but it will keep.
38.
to keep oneself or itself as specified (followed by away, back, off, out, etc.):
Keep off the grass.
39.
to restrain oneself; refrain (usually followed by from):
Try to keep from smiling.
noun
40.
board and lodging; subsistence; support:
to work for one's keep.
41.
the innermost and strongest structure or central tower of a medieval castle.
42.
keeps, (used with a singular verb) a game of marbles in which the players keep the marbles they have won.
Verb phrases
43.
keep at, to persist in; be steadfast:
You'll never master your French unless you keep at it.
44.
keep back,
  1. to hold in check; restrain:
    The dikes kept back the floodwaters.
  2. to stay away from:
    The crowds would not keep back from the barrier.
  3. to refuse to reveal:
    The prisoner was keeping back vital information.
45.
keep down,
  1. to hold under control or at a reduced or acceptable level:
    to keep your voice down.
  2. to prevent from going up or increasing:
    to keep prices down.
46.
keep in with, to stay in someone's favor; be on good terms with:
They are social climbers who make certain to keep in with all the right people.
47.
keep on, to continue; persist:
If you keep on singing they'll ask you to leave.
48.
keep to,
  1. to adhere to; conform to:
    She keeps to the rules.
  2. to confine oneself to:
    to keep to one's bed.
49.
keep up,
  1. to maintain an equal rate of speed, activity, or progress with another or others.
  2. to persevere; continue.
  3. to maintain the good condition of; keep in repair.
  4. Also, keep up on/with.to stay informed:
    to keep up on current events.
  5. to match one's friends, neighbors, business associates, etc., in success, affluence, etc.
Idioms
50.
for keeps, Informal.
  1. under the stipulation that one keeps one's winnings.
  2. with serious intent or purpose.
  3. finally; permanently:
    They decided to settle the argument for keeps.
51.
keep books, to maintain financial records.
52.
keep tab / tabs on. tab1 (def 14).
53.
keep time. time (def 50).
54.
keep to oneself,
  1. to remain aloof from the society of others.
  2. to hold (something) as secret or confidential:
    I'll tell you only if you promise to keep it to yourself.
55.
keep track of. track (def 38).
Origin
before 1000; Middle English kepen, Old English cēpan to observe, heed, watch, await, take; perhaps akin to Old English gecōp proper, fitting, capian to look, Old Norse kōpa to stare
Related forms
keepable, adjective
keepability, noun
Synonyms
1. Keep, reserve, retain, withhold refer to having and holding in possession. Keep (a common word) and retain (a more formal one) agree in meaning to continue to have or hold, as opposed to losing, parting with, or giving up: to keep a book for a week. To reserve is to keep for some future use, occasion, or recipient, or to hold back for a time: to reserve judgment. To withhold is generally to hold back altogether: to withhold help. 6. preserve. 8. detain, confine. 41. donjon, dungeon, stronghold.
Antonyms
8. release.
Examples from the web for keep up
  • keep up with weeding, which should be almost nil once plants fill in.
  • In a race there are usually some who for one cause or another cannot keep up, or are thrust out from among their fellows.
  • My villa is of a convenient size without being expensive to keep up.
  • In times of war, coffee has proved more valuable than alcoholic stimulants to keep up the enduring power of soldiers.
  • The chief solicitude of the rich and of the ruler in the old civilization had been to keep up a supply of drudges.
  • Film fans are scrambling to keep up with technology.
  • keep up the good work and continue to keep on reporting about it.
  • Healthy wetlands can keep up with normal sea-level fluctuation.
  • In fact, law enforcement officials can barely keep up with prosecutions already underway.
  • To keep up their spirits, the prisoners sang freedom songs.
British Dictionary definitions for keep up

keep up

verb (adverb)
1.
(transitive) to maintain (prices, one's morale) at the present level
2.
(intransitive) to maintain a pace or rate set by another
3.
(intransitive) often foll by with. to remain informed: to keep up with technological developments
4.
(transitive) to maintain in good condition
5.
(transitive) to hinder (a person) from going to bed at night: the excitement kept the children up well past their bedtime
6.
keep it up, to continue a good performance
7.
keep one's chin up, to keep cheerful under difficult circumstances
8.
keep one's end up, to maintain one's stance or position against opposition or misfortune
9.
keep up with, to remain in contact with, esp by letter
10.
(informal) keep up with the Joneses, to compete with one's neighbours in material possessions, etc

keep

/kiːp/
verb keeps, keeping, kept (kɛpt)
1.
(transitive) to have or retain possession of
2.
(transitive) to have temporary possession or charge of: keep my watch for me during the game
3.
(transitive) to store in a customary place: I keep my books in the desk
4.
to remain or cause to remain in a specified state or condition: keep the dog quiet, keep ready
5.
to continue or cause to continue: keep the beat, keep in step
6.
(transitive) to have or take charge or care of: keep the shop for me till I return
7.
(transitive) to look after or maintain for use, pleasure, etc: to keep chickens, keep two cars
8.
(transitive) to provide for the upkeep or livelihood of
9.
(transitive) to support financially, esp in return for sexual favours: he keeps a mistress in the country
10.
to confine or detain or be confined or detained
11.
to withhold or reserve or admit of withholding or reserving: your news will keep till later
12.
(transitive) to refrain from divulging or violating: to keep a secret, keep one's word
13.
to preserve or admit of preservation
14.
(transitive) sometimes foll by up. to observe with due rites or ceremonies: to keep Christmas
15.
(transitive) to maintain by writing regular records in: to keep a diary
16.
when intr, foll by in, on, to, etc. to stay in, on, or at (a place or position): please keep your seats, keep to the path
17.
(transitive) to associate with (esp in the phrase keep bad company)
18.
(transitive) to maintain in existence: to keep court in the palace
19.
(transitive) (mainly Brit) to have habitually in stock: this shop keeps all kinds of wool
20.
how are you keeping?, how are you?
21.
(informal) keep tabs on, to keep a watchful eye on
22.
keep track of, See track (sense 15)
23.
keep time, See time (sense 42)
24.
keep wicket, to play as wicketkeeper in the game of cricket
25.
(informal) you can keep it, I have no interest in what you are offering
noun
26.
living or support: he must work for his keep
27.
(archaic) charge or care
28.
Also called dungeon, donjon. the main tower within the walls of a medieval castle or fortress
29.
(informal)
  1. completely; permanently
  2. for the winner or possessor to keep permanently
See also keep at, keep away, keep back, keep down, keep from, keep in, keep off, keep on, keep out, keep to, keep under, keep up
Word Origin
Old English cēpan to observe; compare Old Saxon kapōn to look, Old Norse kōpa to stare
Word Origin and History for keep up

keep

v.

late Old English cepan "to seize, hold," also "to observe," from Proto-Germanic *kopijanan, but with no certain connection to other languages. It possibly is related to Old English capian "to look," from Proto-Germanic *kap- (cepan was used c.1000 to render Latin observare), which would make the basic sense "to keep an eye on."

The word prob. belongs primarily to the vulgar and non-literary stratum of the language; but it comes up suddenly into literary use c.1000, and that in many senses, indicating considerable previous development. [OED]
Sense of "preserve, maintain" is from mid-14c. Meaning "to maintain in proper order" is from 1550s; meaning "financially support and privately control" (usually in reference to mistresses) is from 1540s. Related: Kept; keeping.

n.

mid-13c., "care or heed in watching," from keep (v.). Meaning "innermost stronghold of a tower" is from 1580s, perhaps a translation of Italian tenazza, with a notion of "that which keeps" (someone or something); the sense of "food required to keep a person or animal" is attested from 1801. For keeps "completely, for good" is American English colloquial, from 1861.

Idioms and Phrases with keep up

keep up

.
Also, keep up with. Proceed at the same pace, continue alongside another, as in We try to keep up with the times. [ First half of 1600s ]
This usage, also put as keep pace, appears in the phrase keeping up with the Joneses, which was coined in 1913 by cartoonist Arthur R. Momand for the title of a series in the New York Globe. It means “trying to match the lifestyle of one's more affluent neighbors or acquaintances.” For example, Their buying a new van is just another attempt to keep up with the Joneses.
.
Support, sustain, as in They're trying to keep up their spirits while they wait for news of the crash. [ Late 1600s ]
Also see: keep one's chin up
.
[Mid-1700s] [ Mid-1500s ]
.
Persevere, carry on, prolong, as in Keep up the good work, or How long will this noise keep up? [ Early 1500s ]
Also see: keep it up
.
Also, keep up with; keep up on. Stay in touch, remain informed. For example, Ann and I haven't seen each other since college, but we keep up through our annual Christmas letters, or We subscribe to three papers so as to keep up on current events. [ c. 1900 ]
.
keep someone up. Cause someone to remain out of bed, as in He's keeping up the children beyond their bedtime. [ Mid-1700s ]

keep

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